Assessment
The nurse should assess the patient's airway status and any associated risk factors. This includes assessing the patient's mental status, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and heart rate. The nurse should also assess the patient's lungs for any signs of infection or obstruction.
Airway Adjuncts
Nursing interventions for airway management include the use of airway adjuncts such as oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, and suction. Oxygen therapy may be indicated if the patient is hypoxic or has low oxygen saturation. Mechanical ventilation can be used to assist with breathing and suction may be necessary to remove secretions from the airway.
Positioning and Comfort Measures
Nurses should also employ positioning and comfort measures to optimize airway management. This includes positioning the patient in a semi-Fowler's or upright position and providing pillows for support. If the patient is experiencing anxiety or difficulty breathing, the nurse can provide comfort measures such as back rubs, deep breathing exercises, and distraction techniques.
Medications
Medications may be necessary to control airway inflammation and improve breathing. Bronchodilators, such as albuterol, can be used to open the airway and improve oxygen exchange. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, may be prescribed to reduce airway inflammation.
Monitoring
The nurse should monitor the patient's airway status and response to interventions. This includes assessing vital signs, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate. The nurse should also note any changes in the patient's mental status or level of distress.