Germ cell tumours are a type of cancer that starts in the germ cells, which are the cells in the body that form sperm and eggs. Germ cell tumours can start in either the testicles or the ovaries, but can also spread to other organs, such as the lungs, brain, and abdomen.
Types of Germ Cell Tumours
Germ cell tumours can be divided into two main types: seminomas and non-seminomas. Seminomas are slow-growing tumours that are typically found in the testicles. Non-seminomas are more aggressive tumours that can be found in either the testicles or the ovaries.
Seminomas are slow-growing tumours that typically develop in the testicles. They are typically white in colour and can be found in either one or both testicles.
Non-seminomas are more aggressive tumours that can develop in either the testicles or the ovaries. These tumours are typically yellowish in colour and can spread to other organs, such as the lungs, brain, and abdomen.
Symptoms of Germ Cell Tumours
The symptoms of germ cell tumours can vary depending on the type and location of the tumour. Common symptoms include:
• Swelling or pain in the testicles or abdomen
• Unexplained weight loss
• Coughing, shortness of breath, or chest pain
• Blood in the urine or semen
• Nausea or vomiting
• Loss of appetite
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see your doctor as soon as possible.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Germ Cell Tumours
If your doctor suspects that you may have a germ cell tumour, they will likely order several tests to confirm the diagnosis. These tests may include a physical exam, imaging tests (such as an ultrasound or MRI), and blood tests.
Once a diagnosis has been made, your doctor will recommend the best treatment plan for you. Treatment for germ cell tumours typically involves surgery to remove the tumour, followed by chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Conclusion
Germ cell tumours are a type of cancer that can start in the testicles or the ovaries. Symptoms of germ cell tumours can vary, but may include swelling or pain in the testicles or abdomen, coughing, or unexplained weight loss. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see your doctor as soon as possible. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the tumour, followed by chemotherapy or radiation therapy.