1. Assess Risk Factors for Falls
Nurses should assess the risk factors that can increase the likelihood of falls. These risk factors can include age, physical condition, medications, mental health, environmental hazards, and vision. It is important to identify any medical conditions that may increase the risk of falls, such as arthritis, dementia, or Parkinson's disease. Nurses should also assess the patient's current medications and their side effects, as some medications can cause dizziness or drowsiness, which could increase the risk of falls. In addition, nurses should evaluate the patient's living environment to identify any potential hazards, such as slippery floors, stairs, or throw rugs. Finally, nurses should assess the patient's vision to ensure that it is not a contributing factor to the risk of falls.
2. Provide Education to Patients and Families
Nurses should provide education to both the patient and their family about safe mobility techniques and strategies to reduce the risk of falls. This education should include information on proper body mechanics, using assistive devices such as canes or walkers, and using the environment to their advantage. It is also important to provide education on recognizing and responding to the early signs of a potential fall.
3. Create a Fall Prevention Plan
Nurses should create a plan to reduce the risk of falls. This plan should include strategies such as providing additional support when the patient is up and moving, using assistive devices as needed, and creating a safe environment. It is also important to ensure that the patient and their family understand the plan and can follow it in the event of a potential fall.
4. Monitor Use of Assistive Devices
Nurses should monitor the use of assistive devices such as canes, walkers, and wheelchairs to ensure that they are being used properly. It is important to ensure that the assistive device is the correct size for the patient and that it is adjusted properly to provide the necessary support. In addition, nurses should monitor the use of the assistive device to ensure that it is not causing any additional strain on the patient.
5. Encourage Physical Activity
Nurses should encourage physical activity as a way to reduce the risk of falls. Physical activity can help increase strength and balance, which can help reduce the risk of falls. Nurses should encourage the patient to engage in activities that are safe and appropriate for their level of mobility and physical condition.
6. Evaluate Fall Prevention Strategies
Nurses should evaluate the fall prevention strategies they have implemented to ensure that they are effective. They should also assess the patient's progress and make any necessary adjustments to the plan. Evaluation of the fall prevention strategies should be done on a regular basis to ensure that the patient is safe and that the strategies are appropriate for the patient's needs.