Query: What are 3 special tests for the shoulder?
Shoulder injuries are some of the most common musculoskeletal injuries, and it is important to diagnose these injuries accurately in order to provide the best possible treatment. To do this, a number of special tests can be used to assess the condition of the shoulder. Here are three of the most common special tests for the shoulder:
The first test is the Hawkins-Kennedy test. This test is used to assess shoulder impingement, which occurs when the soft tissue structures of the shoulder become trapped between the humeral head and the acromion. To administer the test, the patient is asked to place their arm in 90 degrees of abduction and forward flexion. The examiner then applies a downward pressure to the elbow to create a further degree of forward flexion. Pain in the shoulder indicates a positive result.
The second test is the Empty Can Test. This test is used to assess the supraspinatus tendon, one of the tendons of the rotator cuff. To administer the test, the patient is asked to place their arm in 90 degrees of abduction and internal rotation. The patient is then asked to resist downward pressure on the arm as the examiner applies this pressure. Pain in the shoulder indicates a positive result.
The third test is the External Rotation Test. This test is used to assess the condition of the subscapularis tendon, another of the tendons of the rotator cuff. To administer the test, the patient is asked to place their arm in 90 degrees of abduction and internal rotation. The patient is then asked to resist outward pressure on the arm as the examiner applies this pressure. Pain in the shoulder indicates a positive result.
These are just three of the special tests that can be used when assessing shoulder injuries. Other tests such as the Neer test, the Jobe test, and the Speed test can also be used to help diagnose shoulder injuries. It is important to note that special tests should be used in conjunction with other clinical tests such as range of motion testing, strength testing, and palpation in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis.