Atherosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to a build-up of fatty deposits, known as plaque, on the inner walls of the blood vessels. The condition can lead to a range of serious health problems. Three diseases caused by atherosclerosis are coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and stroke.
Coronary artery disease occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply the heart with oxygen-rich blood, become narrowed and hardened due to a build-up of plaque. This restricts the flow of blood to the heart, leading to chest pain (angina), heart attack, and even death. Other symptoms of CAD include shortness of breath, sweating, and dizziness.
Peripheral artery disease is caused by the narrowing and hardening of the arteries in the arms and legs, reducing the amount of oxygen-rich blood that can reach the extremities. Symptoms of PAD include leg pain or cramping when walking, numbness or coldness in the legs and feet, and sores or ulcers that won’t heal. If left untreated, PAD can lead to gangrene, which may require amputation.
Finally, stroke is caused by the narrowing and hardening of the arteries in the brain, leading to a sudden loss of blood supply to the brain. Symptoms of stroke include severe headache, confusion, difficulty speaking, loss of vision, and weakness in the arms and legs. A stroke is a medical emergency and can lead to permanent disability or death.
In summary, atherosclerosis is a dangerous condition that can lead to a range of serious health problems, including coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and stroke. If you experience any of the symptoms associated with these conditions, it is important to seek medical advice as soon as possible.
