Meniere's disease typically begins between the ages of 20 and 50, but can occur at any age. It is most commonly diagnosed in people between the ages of 40 and 60. The exact cause of Meniere's disease is unknown, but is thought to be related to a combination of factors, including genetic predisposition, viruses, allergies, or autoimmune disorders.
Symptoms of Meniere's Disease
The most common symptom of Meniere's disease is a recurrent feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear. This is often accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss, ringing in the ear (tinnitus), and episodes of vertigo. Vertigo is a spinning sensation that causes dizziness and can be accompanied by nausea, sweating, and a feeling of imbalance.
Diagnosis of Meniere's Disease
Meniere's disease is usually diagnosed based on a review of the patient's medical history and a physical exam. An audiogram may be used to test for hearing loss. Other tests, such as imaging scans or a vestibular function test, may be used to help rule out other conditions.
Treatment of Meniere's Disease
There is no cure for Meniere's disease, but treatment can help manage symptoms and reduce the frequency and severity of episodes. Treatment options include medications, lifestyle changes, and surgery. Medications can help reduce symptoms of vertigo, nausea, and tinnitus. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing stress and avoiding triggers, can also help. Surgery may be an option for some people with severe cases of Meniere's disease.