Autoimmune Disease Basics
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissues and organs. The immune system normally produces proteins called antibodies that protect the body from viruses, bacteria, and other foreign materials. When it comes to autoimmune disorders, the body produces antibodies that attack its own tissues and organs, leading to various symptoms.
Autoimmune diseases can affect almost any part of the body, including the heart, brain, nerves, muscles, skin, eyes, joints, lungs, kidneys, glands, the digestive tract, and blood vessels. Some of the more common autoimmune diseases include lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and Graves’ disease. The exact cause of autoimmune diseases is unknown, but genetics, environment, and hormones are thought to play a role.
What Age Does Autoimmune Disease Begin?
Autoimmune diseases can begin at any age, from infancy to adulthood. However, many autoimmune diseases are more likely to occur in certain age groups. For example, lupus, type 1 diabetes, and Graves’ disease tend to develop during childhood or early adulthood, while rheumatoid arthritis typically appears later in life.
In some cases, autoimmune diseases can be inherited or passed down through families. People with a family history of autoimmune diseases may be more likely to develop one themselves. In other cases, autoimmune diseases are thought to be triggered by certain environmental factors, such as an infection or exposure to certain chemicals.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune diseases can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical exam, blood tests, imaging tests, and other tests. Treatment options vary depending on the type of autoimmune disease, but may include medications, lifestyle changes, and/or surgery.