Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a type of cancer that can occur in people of any age, although they are most common in young adults and teens. GCTs can affect the testicles, ovaries, chest, and other parts of the body. Although GCTs are rare, they can be serious and even life-threatening. It is important to understand the signs and symptoms of GCTs so that they can be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible.
What Causes Germ Cell Tumors?
The exact cause of GCTs is not known; however, some possible risk factors include a family history of the disease, certain genetic conditions, and exposure to certain chemicals.
What Are the Symptoms of Germ Cell Tumors?
The symptoms of GCTs vary depending on where the tumor is located. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, a lump in the abdomen or testicles, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel habits. Some GCTs may also cause back pain, difficulty breathing, difficulty urinating, and fatigue.
How Are Germ Cell Tumors Diagnosed?
If your doctor suspects that you may have a GCT, they will likely order tests such as a physical exam, blood tests, imaging tests (such as an ultrasound or CT scan), and a biopsy. These tests can help to confirm a diagnosis and determine the extent of the tumor.
How Are Germ Cell Tumors Treated?
The treatment for GCTs depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor. Treatment may include surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be used.
GCTs can be serious, but with early diagnosis and treatment, many people are able to make a full recovery. If you have any symptoms that could be related to a GCT, talk to your doctor as soon as possible.