Pleural Fluid and Cancer
Pleural fluid is a thin, milky liquid found in the space between the two thin layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity. It helps lubricate and cushion the lungs and chest cavity, allowing them to move more easily during breathing. Pleural fluid can become abnormal in certain diseases, such as cancer. In some cases, an analysis of the fluid can help diagnose cancer or other conditions.
Malignant Pleural Effusion
A malignant pleural effusion is an accumulation of pleural fluid due to cancer. It occurs when cancer cells spread to the pleura, the thin tissue that surrounds the lungs. The cancer cells can cause the pleura to become inflamed and thickened, blocking the drainage of pleural fluid. As a result, the fluid builds up in the chest cavity, causing pressure on the lungs and making it difficult to breathe. This is a common complication of advanced cancer.
Diagnostic Tests for Cancer
Doctors can use tests to diagnose cancer in a pleural effusion. The most common type of test is a pleural fluid analysis. This involves taking a sample of the fluid and testing it for cancer cells and other substances. Other tests, such as chest X-rays and CT scans, may also be used to diagnose cancer.
Treatment of Pleural Fluid and Cancer
Treatment for pleural fluid and cancer depends on the type of cancer and how advanced it is. In some cases, the fluid can be drained to relieve pressure on the lungs. This is usually done with a tube inserted through the chest wall. Other treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, may also be used to treat the cancer.
In conclusion, pleural fluid is associated with cancer in some cases. Diagnostic tests and treatments can help diagnose and treat the condition.