Paget's disease of the nipple is a rare form of breast cancer affecting the nipple and areola. It is a type of adenocarcinoma, which is a cancer that originates in glandular tissue. Though it is considered a serious condition, Paget's disease of the nipple is rarely fatal.
Signs and Symptoms
The most common symptom of Paget's disease of the nipple is a red or scaly patch on the nipple or areola. Other symptoms may include itching, burning, pain, or a rash. The nipple may also appear flattened, inverted, or have a single opening.
Diagnosis
A diagnosis of Paget's disease of the nipple is made through physical examination, biopsy, and imaging tests. During the physical examination, the doctor will look for any signs of nipple or areola abnormalities. A biopsy of the affected area will be taken to confirm the diagnosis. Imaging tests, such as mammography and ultrasound, may also be used to look for any underlying causes of the condition.
Treatment
The main treatment for Paget's disease of the nipple is surgery. This may involve removing the affected area of the nipple and areola, or a mastectomy (removal of the entire breast). Radiation therapy may also be used to help reduce the risk of recurrence. In some cases, chemotherapy may be recommended if there is evidence of spread to other areas of the body.
Outlook
Paget's disease of the nipple is rarely fatal, and the long-term outlook is usually good if it is detected and treated early. With early diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis is excellent and the disease can often be cured.