Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high levels of blood glucose and is caused by either a lack of insulin production or an inability of the body to properly utilize insulin. The type of diabetes depends on the cause of the disorder, and is categorized into two broad categories: Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and Type 2 (non-insulin dependent).
Hyposecretion vs. Hypersecretion
In the case of diabetes, the cause of the disorder is typically either hyposecretion or hypersecretion of insulin. Hyposecretion of insulin is the condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin to meet the body's needs. This is the case with Type 1 diabetes. Hypersecretion of insulin occurs when the body produces too much insulin, which can lead to dangerously low blood sugar levels. This is the case with Type 2 diabetes.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to regulate blood sugar levels. It does this by controlling the amount of glucose that is absorbed into cells. When the body does not produce enough insulin, or is unable to properly utilize insulin, then blood sugar levels can become dangerously high.
In summary, diabetes is caused by either a hyposecretion or hypersecretion of insulin. The type of diabetes that is diagnosed depends on the cause of the disorder. Treatment typically involves lifestyle changes and medications to help regulate blood sugar levels.