Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the spine. It is a form of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine, causing inflammation of the vertebrae and the joints between them. This can lead to progressive stiffness and pain in the spine and other joints throughout the body. Additionally, AS can cause inflammation of the eyes, heart, lungs, and other organs.
The exact cause of AS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is thought to be an autoimmune disorder, meaning the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue.
The primary symptom of ankylosing spondylitis is pain and inflammation in the spine. This can cause stiffness and difficulty moving, as well as pain in the lower back, hips, and buttocks. Over time, the spine may become rigid and inflexible due to calcification of the joints between the vertebrae. Additionally, AS can cause inflammation of the eyes, resulting in eye pain, redness, and blurred vision.
Treatment for ankylosing spondylitis focuses on relieving pain and inflammation, improving mobility, and preventing spine fusion. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and naproxen, are commonly used to reduce inflammation and pain. Physical therapy and exercises can help improve mobility and posture. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to fuse the spine and relieve pain.
In summary, ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the spine that can cause pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving. It is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment typically involves pain relief medications and physical therapy. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to fuse the spine and relieve pain.