Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It is a naturally occurring organism found in soil across the world, and it can enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, or contact with an infected animal or person. It is most commonly known for its potential use as a biological weapon.
History of Anthrax
Anthrax has been around since ancient times. It was first described in an Egyptian medical text from 1550 BC, and it was mentioned in Greek and Roman literature. It was also used as a weapon in war, with the first recorded instance occurring in the 6th century BC when the Assyrians poisoned the wells of their enemies with it. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, anthrax was used as a biological weapon, and it was stockpiled by several countries during World War II.
How is Anthrax Created?
Anthrax is created by exposing certain types of bacteria to a process called spore formation. This process involves the bacteria forming a protective outer shell which makes it highly resistant to environmental factors like heat, cold, and radiation. This allows the bacteria to survive in the environment for long periods of time, increasing its potential to infect humans and animals.
How is Anthrax Spread?
Anthrax is usually spread through contact with infected animals or their bodily fluids. It can also be spread through contaminated food or water, or through inhalation of the spores. In rare cases, it can also be spread through contact with infected humans.
Treatment of Anthrax
Anthrax is treated with antibiotics, which are generally effective if administered early enough. Vaccines are also available for some animals, and some people may be eligible for a human anthrax vaccine.