What is an Allergy?
An allergy is an immune system reaction to a substance, known as an allergen, that is usually harmless to most people. Allergens can come in many forms, including dust mites, pollen, pet dander, and certain foods. When someone is exposed to an allergen, their body produces antibodies, which leads to the release of chemicals like histamine that cause allergy symptoms.
Common Allergy Symptoms
The most common symptoms of an allergic reaction include:
- Sneezing and an itchy, runny nose
- Itchy, red, and watery eyes
- Skin rashes, hives, or eczema
- Nasal congestion
- Wheezing or difficulty breathing
Treating Allergies
The best way to treat allergies is to avoid the allergen that causes the reaction. This means that it is important to identify the allergen and make an effort to limit your exposure to it. If avoidance is not possible, then there are several medications and treatments available to help relieve symptoms.
Medications for Allergies
Over-the-counter and prescription medications can be used to treat allergies. These include antihistamines, decongestants, corticosteroids, and nasal sprays. Some of these medications can be taken as needed, while others are taken on a regular basis.
Immunotherapy for Allergies
Immunotherapy is another treatment option for allergies. This involves receiving injections of the allergen over a period of several months or years. The goal of this treatment is to help the body become less sensitive to the allergen and reduce the severity of reactions.
Other Treatments for Allergies
In addition to medications and immunotherapy, there are other treatments for allergies that may help reduce symptoms. These include lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers, eating a healthy diet, and keeping the home clean and free of dust and pollen. Other treatments include acupuncture, nasal irrigation, and supplements.
