Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a serious condition that affects both men and women. It occurs when the organs in the pelvic area—such as the bladder, uterus, and rectum—bulge or slip out of their normal position. POP can cause a variety of symptoms, including discomfort in the pelvic area, urinary problems, and sexual difficulties.
Signs and Symptoms of Pelvic Organ Prolapse
The signs and symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse can vary depending on the type and severity of the prolapse. Common signs and symptoms include:
• A feeling of heaviness or pressure in the pelvis
• Pain or discomfort in the lower back or pelvic area
• Difficulty urinating or having bowel movements
• Painful intercourse
• Urine leakage (urinary incontinence)
• A bulge or lump in the vagina
• A sensation of “sitting on a ball”
Causes of Pelvic Organ Prolapse
The most common cause of pelvic organ prolapse is weakened pelvic floor muscles. This can occur due to pregnancy, childbirth, aging, and certain medical conditions. Other causes of pelvic organ prolapse can include:
• Hysterectomy
• Chronic coughing
• Heavy lifting
• Obesity
• Chronic constipation
Treatment for Pelvic Organ Prolapse
The treatment for pelvic organ prolapse depends on the type and severity of the prolapse. In some cases, pelvic floor exercises and lifestyle changes may be enough to manage the symptoms. For more severe cases, surgery may be recommended to reposition the organs and support the pelvic floor muscles. Other treatments may include medications, physical therapy, and supportive devices such as pessaries.