Actinomyces is a genus of bacteria belonging to the family Actinomycetaceae. They are Gram-positive, anaerobic to microaerophilic, and form branching filaments. Actinomycosis is a serious and potentially fatal infection caused by these bacteria. Symptoms of actinomycosis can include fever, malaise, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and an abscess. Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics and surgical drainage.
Symptoms of Actinomyces
The primary symptom of actinomycosis is a slowly growing lump or abscess. This may be accompanied by fever, malaise, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. The lump may be tender to the touch and may discharge pus or blood. In some cases, the infection may spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs, brain, or liver.
Diagnosis of Actinomyces
Actinomycosis is usually diagnosed based on the patient’s symptoms and medical history. A physical exam may reveal an abscess or lump. Imaging tests may also be used to diagnose the condition, such as X-rays or CT scans. If the infection is suspected, a sample of the pus or fluid from the abscess may be taken for culture and microscopy.
Treatment of Actinomyces
Treatment of actinomycosis typically involves a combination of antibiotics and surgical drainage. Antibiotics used to treat actinomycosis include penicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Surgery may be necessary to remove the abscess and any damaged tissue. In some cases, radiation therapy may also be used.