Testicular cancer is very rare in adolescents, especially those under the age of 14. In fact, it is the least common type of cancer among males of any age. According to the American Cancer Society, there are only about 400 to 600 cases of testicular cancer diagnosed in adolescent males each year in the United States. This means that only about 0.2% of all cancer cases in the United States are testicular cancer cases in boys under the age of 14.
Risk Factors
While testicular cancer is rare in adolescents, there are certain factors that can increase the risk. These include having a family history of testicular cancer, being born with an undescended testicle, or having a history of testicular trauma or injury. Other possible risk factors include being of Caucasian descent, having a history of fertility problems, or having a history of certain birth defects.
Signs and Symptoms
It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of testicular cancer in adolescents. Early detection can greatly improve the chances of successful treatment. The most common symptom of testicular cancer is a lump or swelling in either one or both of the testicles. Other symptoms may include a dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin, a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum, and enlargement or tenderness of the breasts.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If any of these symptoms are present, it is important to seek medical attention right away. A doctor will likely perform a physical exam and order tests such as an ultrasound, CT scan, or blood tests to determine if there is cancer present. If cancer is found, the type of treatment will depend on the stage of the cancer and the type of tumor. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.
While testicular cancer is rare in adolescents, it is important to be aware of the risk factors and signs and symptoms. Early detection is key to successful treatment, so it is important to see a doctor if any unusual symptoms are present.