Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the nervous system and adrenal glands. It is estimated that in the United States there are approximately 1,000 people living with ALD. The disorder is caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene, which is located on the X chromosome. ALD is an inherited disorder that is passed down from parent to child; however, it is also possible for a person to develop ALD without having a family history of the disorder.
Symptoms of Adrenoleukodystrophy
The most common symptoms of ALD include vision problems, hearing loss, behavioral changes, difficulty walking, and seizures. Other symptoms may include muscle weakness, delays in reaching developmental milestones, and intellectual disabilities.
Diagnosis of Adrenoleukodystrophy
ALD is typically diagnosed through genetic testing. A doctor may also order a blood test to measure the levels of very-long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). High levels of VLCFAs are a sign of ALD. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan may also be used to check for brain lesions, which is a common symptom of ALD.
Treatments for Adrenoleukodystrophy
There is no cure for ALD, but there are treatments available to help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disorder. Treatments may include a special diet, physical therapy, medications, and stem cell transplants.
Support for People with Adrenoleukodystrophy
There are a number of resources available to support people living with ALD and their families. Support groups, educational materials, and financial assistance are just a few of the resources available to people with ALD.