Clostridium difficile (C. diff) is a type of bacteria that can cause an infection in the digestive system. The infection, known as C. difficile colitis or C. difficile-associated diarrhea, is a common cause of infectious diarrhea in adults, particularly those who are elderly or have been recently hospitalized. It is also a risk factor for antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
The duration of a C. diff infection can vary depending on the individual, the severity of the infection, and how quickly treatment is received. Most people recover within two to four weeks after beginning treatment, but some cases may last longer. In severe cases, C. diff can cause a life-threatening condition called pseudomembranous colitis, which can cause fever, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea. Treatment for this condition may take up to eight weeks.
In most cases, C. diff can be effectively treated with antibiotics, such as metronidazole or vancomycin. Antibiotics help to reduce the number of C. diff bacteria in the gut and allow the body to heal. If treatment is started early, it can often stop an infection before it becomes severe.
If C. diff is not treated, it can lead to serious complications, including dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, sepsis, and even death. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you have symptoms of C. diff infection, such as severe abdominal pain, fever, and bloody diarrhea. With prompt treatment, most people can recover from C. diff in a few weeks.