Retinoblastoma is a rare eye cancer that primarily affects children. It is most often diagnosed in children under the age of 5, and is usually detected through an ophthalmologic exam. Treatment for retinoblastoma in children depends on the severity of the tumor and whether it has spread to other parts of the body.
In many cases, the first line of treatment is external beam radiation therapy, which can be used to shrink the tumor and reduce the risk of it spreading. However, this treatment can cause long-term vision problems and other side effects. In some cases, chemotherapy may be used to shrink the tumor as well.
In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the tumor. This can include laser surgery, enucleation (removal of the eye), or cryotherapy (freezing the tumor). If the tumor has spread to other parts of the body, chemotherapy may be used to treat it.
In addition to the standard treatments, there are also some new, experimental treatments that are being tested. These include immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and gene therapy. These treatments are still in the early stages, and are not widely available yet.
No matter which treatment is chosen, it is important to follow up with regular check-ups. This will help to ensure that the tumor does not return. It is also important to ensure that the child's vision is monitored and that any vision problems caused by the treatment are addressed.
Overall, treatment for retinoblastoma in children depends on the severity of the tumor and the age of the child. It is important to work with a medical team to determine the best course of action for the child.