Gallbladder cancer is a rare type of cancer that develops in the gallbladder, a small organ located in the abdomen. It is important to diagnose gallbladder cancer as early as possible in order to improve a patient's prognosis.
The diagnosis of gallbladder cancer typically starts with a physical examination, review of the patient’s medical history, and laboratory tests like blood and urine tests. The doctor may order an imaging test such as an ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, or PET scan to examine the gallbladder and surrounding organs for suspicious signs of cancer.
If there is a suspicion of cancer, the doctor may recommend a biopsy, which is a procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the gallbladder to examine it under a microscope for cancer cells.
In addition, the doctor may recommend an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), which is a procedure that uses a thin, flexible tube with a small camera to take images of the inside of the gallbladder and to take a biopsy if necessary.
Finally, the doctor may also order laparoscopic surgery to examine the inside of the abdomen and remove a sample of tissue from the gallbladder for further examination.
Overall, gallbladder cancer can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, lab tests, imaging tests, and biopsies. The doctor will determine the best course of action for diagnosing gallbladder cancer based on the patient’s individual situation.