Anorexia is a serious mental illness that can have a devastating impact on an individual's physical and emotional wellbeing. The diagnosis of anorexia requires a thorough assessment by a medical professional.
Diagnostic Criteria
In order to be diagnosed with anorexia, a person must meet certain criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). This criteria includes:
Restricting food intake: A person with anorexia will often severely restrict their food intake, resulting in significant weight loss.
Distorted body image: A person with anorexia will often have a distorted body image and will see themselves as overweight even when they are dangerously underweight.
Intense fear of weight gain: A person with anorexia will often have an intense fear of gaining weight and will go to great lengths to avoid it.
Loss of menstrual periods: Many women with anorexia will experience a loss of menstrual periods. This is a sign of severe malnutrition and is a key indicator of anorexia.
Diagnostic Process
The diagnosis of anorexia typically begins with a physical exam. During this exam, the doctor will take measurements such as height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). They will also ask questions about the patient's eating habits and lifestyle.
The doctor may also order laboratory tests to check for any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to the anorexia. These tests may include blood tests, urine tests, or imaging tests.
Once the physical exam and laboratory tests are complete, the doctor may refer the patient for a psychological evaluation. During this evaluation, the patient will be asked questions about their thoughts and feelings about food, weight, and body image. The doctor may also use special psychological tests to assess the patient's mental state.
Based on the results of the physical exam, laboratory tests, and psychological evaluation, the doctor will determine if the patient meets the criteria for anorexia and make a diagnosis.
Conclusion
Diagnosing anorexia can be a complex process that requires a thorough assessment by a medical professional. The doctor will use physical exams, laboratory tests, and psychological evaluations to determine if the patient meets the criteria for anorexia and make a diagnosis. Once the diagnosis is made, the patient can begin treatment and begin the journey to recovery.