An ovarian cyst is a pocket of fluid that develops on or inside an ovary. It is common for women to develop ovarian cysts at some point during their lifetime, and in most cases they are harmless. However, in some cases ovarian cysts may cause symptoms that require medical attention.
There are several methods used to diagnose an ovarian cyst. The first step is usually to take a medical history and perform a physical exam. During the physical exam, the doctor may feel the abdomen to check for any abnormalities, such as an enlarged ovary. Other tests may also be performed, such as a pelvic ultrasound, to help visualize the ovaries and any cysts that may be present.
Blood tests may also be used to diagnose an ovarian cyst. The doctor may order a complete blood count (CBC) or a hormone test to look for signs of an ovarian cyst. If the doctor suspects a malignant cyst, additional tests such as a CA-125 blood test may be ordered.
In some cases, a laparoscopy may be recommended to diagnose an ovarian cyst. This procedure involves making a small incision in the abdomen and inserting a thin tube with a camera on the end. This allows the doctor to directly view the ovaries and take a biopsy, if necessary.
Once an ovarian cyst is diagnosed, the doctor will discuss treatment options with the patient. In many cases, the cyst may go away on its own without any treatment. However, if the cyst is causing symptoms or is suspicious for cancer, further treatment may be necessary.