Benign Tumors Defined
A benign tumor is a mass of abnormal cells that grows in a localized area. Unlike malignant tumors, these abnormal cells do not spread into other parts of the body and are generally not life-threatening. Benign tumors can be removed surgically and, in some cases, may not require any treatment at all.
Types of Benign Tumors
Benign tumors can be divided into two main types: those that originate in the tissue of an organ and those that arise from the outer layer of tissue (called the epithelium). Benign tumors originating in the tissue of an organ are called "primary" tumors, while those arising from the epithelium are called "secondary" tumors. Primary benign tumors include uterine fibroids, thyroid nodules, and kidney cysts. Secondary benign tumors include fibroadenomas of the breast and lipomas of the skin.
Diagnosing Benign Tumors
Benign tumors are typically diagnosed through imaging tests such as ultrasounds, MRI scans, or CT scans. If a tumor is thought to be malignant, a biopsy may be performed to rule out cancer. During a biopsy, a small sample of the tumor is removed and examined under a microscope. If the cells are found to be non-cancerous, the tumor is considered benign.
Treating Benign Tumors
The treatment of benign tumors depends on the type and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health and age. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. However, if the tumor is causing symptoms or posing a risk to nearby organs, it may need to be surgically removed. In other cases, medications may be prescribed to shrink the tumor, or radiation therapy may be used to destroy the abnormal cells.