Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can cause serious illness. It is spread through contact with bodily fluids such as blood, saliva, and semen. In severe cases, it can lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer, and even death. Understanding how this virus works and how it causes illness can help prevent its spread and protect those who may be at risk.
Transmission of Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is spread through contact with body fluids such as blood, saliva, semen, and vaginal fluids. This can occur through sexual contact, sharing needles, or accidental contact with infected blood. It can also be spread from mother to baby during childbirth.
Symptoms of Hepatitis B
Most people who contract hepatitis B don't experience any symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they may include fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and joint pain. These symptoms usually appear within two months of exposure.
Complications of Hepatitis B
In some cases, hepatitis B can cause long-term health problems. These can include cirrhosis, liver cancer, and even death. People with chronic hepatitis B are also at increased risk of developing other liver diseases such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Prevention of Hepatitis B
Fortunately, there are steps that can be taken to protect against hepatitis B. This includes avoiding contact with body fluids of an infected person, practicing safe sex, and getting vaccinated. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B infection and is recommended for all people at risk.