Actinomycosis is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the soft tissue and bone. It is caused by the bacteria Actinomyces, which is part of the normal human oral and gastrointestinal flora. Treatment of actinomycosis usually involves a combination of antibiotics and drainage or surgical removal of the affected tissues.
Antibiotics
The most common antibiotics used to treat actinomycosis include penicillins, tetracyclines, macrolides, and clindamycin. Penicillins are the most commonly used antibiotics for actinomycosis, as they have a high level of efficacy and are generally well-tolerated. Tetracyclines, macrolides, and clindamycin are also effective, but may cause more side effects than penicillins. Antibiotics should be taken for at least 6 weeks, and sometimes up to 12 weeks, to ensure adequate treatment.
Surgery
In some cases, surgery may be necessary to drain the abscess or remove the affected tissue. Surgery may also be necessary to reduce the risk of recurrence. The type of surgery required will depend on the location and severity of the infection.
Complications
If not treated promptly and properly, actinomycosis can cause serious complications, including organ failure, sepsis, and even death. As such, it is important to seek medical attention if you have any signs or symptoms of actinomycosis.