Reactive arthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs as a result of an infection in another part of the body. It is also known as Reiter's Syndrome and can be difficult to diagnose.
Signs and Symptoms of Reactive Arthritis
The most common signs and symptoms of reactive arthritis include joint pain and swelling, stiffness of the joints, redness and warmth in the affected joints, and pain in the lower back and buttocks. Other signs and symptoms may include fever, fatigue, eye irritation, and skin rash.
Diagnosing Reactive Arthritis
To diagnose reactive arthritis, a doctor will ask about the patient's medical history and perform a physical examination. During the physical examination, the doctor may check for tenderness and swelling in the joints. Blood tests and joint fluid samples may also be taken to look for signs of infection and inflammation. X-rays may also be ordered to look for signs of joint damage.
Additional Tests
In some cases, additional tests may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis of reactive arthritis. These tests can include an antinuclear antibody (ANA) test, which looks for antibodies in the blood that can indicate the presence of an autoimmune disorder. Other tests may include an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test, which measures the inflammation in the body, and a c-reactive protein (CRP) test, which measures the amount of inflammation in the body.
Treatment
Once reactive arthritis is diagnosed, treatment should begin as soon as possible. Treatment often includes medications to reduce inflammation and pain, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of further damage to the joints. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to repair any joint damage.