Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue that lines the uterus grows outside of the uterus. It can cause pain, heavy bleeding, and fertility problems. To diagnose endometriosis, a healthcare provider may do a physical exam and an imaging test. Depending on the situation, a gynecologist may also do a laparoscopy.
Physical Exam
During a physical exam, a gynecologist will check the pelvis for any signs of endometriosis, such as swelling, tenderness, or scar tissue. They may also perform a rectovaginal exam to check the rectum and vagina for any signs of endometriosis.
Imaging Tests
A healthcare provider may order an imaging test, such as an ultrasound, MRI, or CT scan, to get a better look at the pelvic area. These tests can help to identify any abnormal growths or lesions that may be caused by endometriosis.
Laparoscopy
A laparoscopy is a surgical procedure in which a thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted into the abdomen through a small incision. This allows the healthcare provider to get a direct look at any endometrial tissue that may be present. During a laparoscopy, the provider may also take a biopsy of any tissue that looks suspicious.