Asbestosis is a lung disease caused by exposure to asbestos fibers. Asbestosis occurs when asbestos particles are inhaled into the lungs, where they can become trapped and accumulate over time and cause inflammation and scarring. Asbestosis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, and is estimated to affect up to 3,000 people in the United States each year.
What Causes Asbestosis?
Asbestosis is caused by long-term or heavy exposure to asbestos fibers, which are microscopic particles found in some building materials and in the air. Asbestos fibers can be released into the air during activities such as construction, demolition, or renovation of buildings containing asbestos. These fibers can be inhaled into the lungs, where they can accumulate over time and cause inflammation and scarring.
Who Is at Risk of Asbestosis?
Asbestosis is most common in people who have been exposed to asbestos for many years or have been exposed to high levels of asbestos fibers. This includes people who work in construction, manufacturing, and other industries where asbestos is present. Asbestosis is also more common in smokers, as smoking increases the risk of developing the disease.
What Are the Symptoms of Asbestosis?
The most common symptom of asbestosis is a dry cough that doesn't go away. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, chest pain, and a general feeling of being tired and weak. In some cases, asbestosis can cause fluid to accumulate in the lungs, leading to a condition called pleural effusion.
How Is Asbestosis Diagnosed?
Asbestosis is diagnosed through a combination of physical exams, laboratory tests, and imaging tests such as chest X-rays and CT scans. In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
How Is Asbestosis Treated?
Asbestosis is a chronic condition, and there is no cure. Treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms and preventing further damage to the lungs. Treatment options may include medications to reduce inflammation and improve breathing, oxygen therapy, and lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove fluid from the lungs.