Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a form of chronic inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine and the sacroiliac joints (where the spine meets the pelvis). It is a condition that is estimated to affect up to 1 in 200 people in the United States. It is most common in men, and typically begins between the ages of 16 and 35.
The cause of ankylosing spondylitis is unknown, although genetic factors are thought to play a role. People with a family history of the disease are more likely to develop it. Additionally, certain genetic markers have been identified that are associated with an increased risk of developing AS.
The most common symptom of AS is back pain. Other symptoms can include morning stiffness, fatigue, localized tenderness, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, the spine can become fused, limiting the range of motion and causing a hunched-over posture.
Treatment of AS typically involves medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic agents. Exercise, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes can also help to relieve symptoms and improve function.
In summary, ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory arthritis that is estimated to affect up to 1 in 200 people in the United States. It is most common in men and usually begins between the ages of 16 and 35. Symptoms of the disease can include back pain, morning stiffness, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. Treatment typically involves medications, exercise, and lifestyle changes.