T-cell lymphoma is a type of cancer that originates in the white blood cells known as T-cells, which are part of the immune system. T-cell lymphoma can spread throughout the body and to other organs, including the brain. While it is possible for T-cell lymphoma to spread to the brain, it is not very common.
When T-cell lymphoma spreads to the brain, it is known as leptomeningeal disease. This occurs when cancer cells enter the cerebrospinal fluid and invade the membranes that surround the brain and the spinal cord. Symptoms of leptomeningeal disease can include headaches, seizures, changes in mental status, and even stroke-like symptoms.
Diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma in the brain is usually done through imaging studies such as an MRI or CT scan. Other tests, such as a lumbar puncture, may also be used to look for cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Treatment of T-cell lymphoma in the brain typically involves a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or surgery. The type and extent of treatment will depend on the size and location of the tumor, as well as the overall health of the patient.
In most cases, the prognosis for T-cell lymphoma that has spread to the brain is not good. However, with early detection and aggressive treatment, some patients may experience a remission of their symptoms and a longer survival.