Albinism is a medical condition that affects the production of the pigment melanin in the body, resulting in a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes. Albinism is present in all races and cultures, though it is most common in people of African descent.
What Causes Albinism?
Albinism is caused by genetic mutations in genes that regulate the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color. These mutations can be inherited from one or both parents, and the condition can be passed down through generations.
What Are the Symptoms of Albinism?
The most common symptoms of albinism include pale skin, light-colored hair, and light-colored eyes. Albinism may also cause vision problems, such as reduced vision, sensitivity to light, and involuntary eye movements.
How Is Albinism Diagnosed?
Albinism is usually diagnosed by a doctor based on a physical examination and a family history. Genetic testing can also be used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the specific type of albinism.
How Is Albinism Treated?
There is no cure for albinism, but some treatments can help manage the condition. These include sunglasses, protective clothing, and hats to protect the skin from the sun, as well as vision aids such as magnifying glasses or special contact lenses.