No, actinic keratosis (AK) does not always turn into cancer. AKs are precancerous skin lesions that arise due to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, most commonly from the sun. Although AKs can sometimes develop into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), this is not always the case.
The risk of progression to SCC increases with the number of AKs present, as well as with the size of the lesions. Additionally, the risk of progression is higher for lesions located on the face, scalp, lips, and ears. It is important to note that not all AKs can become cancerous; in many cases, the lesions remain benign and treatment is only necessary to improve their cosmetic appearance.
The best way to prevent progression of AKs to cancer is to protect the skin from UV radiation with broad-spectrum sunscreen and other protective measures. Regular skin self-exams are also recommended, as AKs are usually visible and can be monitored for any changes in size or color. If an AK does become cancerous, early detection is key to successful treatment. Treatment options include topical creams, freezing (cryotherapy), laser therapy, and surgery.