Acid reflux, more commonly known as heartburn, is the result of stomach acid flowing back up into the esophagus. It can cause uncomfortable symptoms such as a burning sensation in the chest or throat, a sour or bitter taste, and difficulty swallowing.
The good news is that in many cases, acid reflux can heal itself. This is because the stomach produces more acid to digest food, and the esophageal sphincter, which controls the flow of food from the esophagus to the stomach, is weakened. As the stomach produces more acid, the sphincter is better able to contain the acid and prevent it from flowing back up into the esophagus.
However, if the acid reflux is caused by an underlying condition, such as a hiatal hernia or GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), then the condition will need to be treated in order for the acid reflux to heal itself. For instance, medications such as antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can help reduce the amount of acid produced by the stomach, which helps to reduce the symptoms of acid reflux. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair the sphincter and prevent the acid from flowing back up into the esophagus.
The best way to prevent acid reflux is to make lifestyle changes. Eating smaller meals, avoiding certain trigger foods, and not lying down for several hours after eating can help reduce the symptoms of acid reflux. Additionally, quitting smoking, avoiding alcohol, and reducing stress can help reduce the amount of acid produced by the stomach.