Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs, caused by bacteria. It is a serious condition that can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. While sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major cause of PID, the condition can also be caused without an STD.
Causes of PID without STDs
Pelvic inflammatory disease can be caused by bacteria that originate within the body. These bacteria can enter the reproductive organs through the vagina or cervix, or they can be spread during surgery or medical procedures. The most common bacteria that cause PID without an STD are Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Mycoplasma genitalium.
Risk Factors for PID without STDs
Women with a history of pelvic surgery, endometriosis, or intrauterine device (IUD) insertion are at increased risk of developing PID without an STD. Additionally, douching can increase the risk of PID, as it can push bacteria up into the reproductive organs.
Symptoms of PID without STDs
The symptoms of PID without an STD are similar to those of PID caused by an STD. These symptoms may include pain or tenderness in the lower abdomen, irregular or heavy vaginal discharge, fever, nausea, vomiting, and pain during urination or intercourse.
Diagnosis and Treatment of PID without STDs
If a woman experiences any of the symptoms of PID, she should see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. The doctor will perform a physical exam and may order tests such as a pelvic ultrasound or a urine test. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, and the doctor may also recommend pain medication.
Pelvic inflammatory disease can be a serious and debilitating condition, so it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms are present. While STDs are a major cause of PID, the condition can also be caused without an STD. Women with a history of pelvic surgery, endometriosis, or IUD insertion are at increased risk of developing PID without an STD. Additionally, douching can increase the risk of PID. If any symptoms of PID are present, a doctor should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment.