Captopril is an ACE inhibitor medication used to treat high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, and kidney problems caused by diabetes. It is also used to prevent certain types of heart attacks. While it has many benefits, captopril can cause some side effects. One of these is hemolytic anemia, a type of anemia caused by the breakdown of red blood cells.
Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolytic anemia can cause a wide range of symptoms, including fatigue, jaundice, dark urine, and shortness of breath. It can also cause paleness, coldness in the hands and feet, rapid heart rate, and abdominal pain.
How Captopril Can Cause Hemolytic Anemia
Captopril can cause hemolytic anemia by increasing the production of a particular type of antibody, called an immunoglobulin G (IgG). These antibodies attach to the surface of red blood cells, making them more fragile and causing them to break down more easily. This can lead to anemia.
Treatment for Hemolytic Anemia
If captopril is causing hemolytic anemia, the first step is to stop taking the medication. Your doctor may then prescribe other medications to treat the anemia, including folic acid, vitamin B12, and iron supplements. Blood transfusions may also be necessary.