Actinomycosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Actinomyces. It is not contagious and cannot spread from one person to another. However, it can spread if the source of the infection is not properly treated. If the infection is treated correctly, it will not spread any further.
Actinomycosis can occur as a primary infection, meaning it can develop in a healthy person, or it can occur as a secondary infection, meaning it can develop as a complication of another illness or injury. Primary actinomycosis is usually caused by Actinomyces israelii, while secondary actinomycosis is usually caused by Actinomyces viscosus.
The most common way that actinomycosis spreads is through contact with infected material, such as saliva, vomit, blood, or tissue. It can also spread through contact with contaminated surfaces. People who are immunocompromised, such as those with HIV or AIDS, may be more likely to develop actinomycosis.
Actinomycosis can be treated with antibiotics. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove any infected material. If the infection is not treated properly, it can spread to other parts of the body. It is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible if you think you may have actinomycosis.
Symptoms of Actinomycosis
The most common symptom of actinomycosis is a lump or nodule, often in the face or neck. These lumps may be painful, itchy, or warm to the touch. Other symptoms may include fever, chills, fatigue, weight loss, and muscle aches.
Diagnosis of Actinomycosis
Your doctor will typically diagnose actinomycosis based on your symptoms and a physical exam. If necessary, they may order a biopsy or imaging tests to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment of Actinomycosis
Actinomycosis is treated with antibiotics, typically for at least six weeks. Surgery may be necessary to remove any infected material. It is important to finish the entire course of antibiotics to make sure the infection is completely gone. If the infection is not treated properly, it can spread to other parts of the body.