Periodontitis is a form of gum disease that is caused by bacteria in the mouth. It is a progressive condition that can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Although periodontitis can affect people of any age, it usually begins in adulthood and can start as early as age 30.
What Causes Periodontitis?
Periodontitis is usually caused by bacteria in the mouth that accumulate and form a sticky film called plaque. Plaque builds up along the gum line, and if it is not removed, it can harden and become tartar. The bacteria in the plaque and tartar can inflame and irritate the gums, leading to gum disease. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, some medical conditions, and genetics can also increase the risk of periodontitis.
What Are the Symptoms of Periodontitis?
The most common symptom of periodontitis is red, swollen, or tender gums. You may also experience pain when eating or brushing your teeth, bleeding when brushing or flossing, and bad breath. As the disease progresses, you may also notice that your teeth are becoming loose or that your gums are receding.
How Is Periodontitis Treated?
Treatment for periodontitis usually involves a combination of professional dental cleaning and at-home oral hygiene. Your dentist may recommend professional periodontal cleaning, which involves removing the plaque and tartar from your teeth and gums. Your dentist may also recommend an antibacterial rinse or other medications to help reduce inflammation and fight off bacteria. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat advanced periodontitis.
Good oral hygiene and regular dental checkups are the best ways to prevent periodontitis. Be sure to brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day, and visit your dentist for regular cleanings. If you notice any of the signs or symptoms of periodontitis, be sure to talk to your dentist about your concerns.