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Type 4 Arnold-Chiari malformation, also known as cerebellar hypoplasia or cerebellar dysplasia, is a rare neurological condition that affects the brain and spine. It is a congenital malformation of the lower part of the brain known as the cerebellum, which is responsible for motor coordination...

Follow Up After ASCUS and HPV Negative If you have been tested for ASCUS (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) and HPV (human papillomavirus) and the results are negative, you should follow up with your physician. A negative result means that the cells present on the Pap smear...

Cholecystitis is a condition in which the gallbladder becomes inflamed. It can be acute or chronic and is usually caused by gallstones blocking the bile duct. In some cases, it can be a medical emergency and require immediate medical attention. Symptoms of Cholecystitis The most common...

Genital outbreaks can vary in severity and can be caused by different types of viruses, bacteria, and other factors. Depending on the cause, a genital outbreak may go away on its own or may require treatment. Causes of Genital Outbreaks Genital outbreaks can be caused by a variety of viruses...

Subtitle Forum In the 21st century, a new world is being created. It is a world of digital connections, where people can communicate with each other in a much more efficient manner. It is a world of global sharing, where resources can be shared more easily and quickly. But what about freedom...

Autism Overview Autism is a complex neurological disorder that affects an individual's communication, social interaction, and behavior. It is a spectrum disorder, meaning that the severity of symptoms can vary greatly from person to person. It is estimated that 1 in 68 children in the United...

What Is Fear? Fear is an emotion that we all experience from time to time. It is an important part of our survival instinct, but it can also be a hindrance when it starts to interfere with our lives. Fear can be a response to an immediate danger, such as when we are threatened by a wild animal...

Being healthy is essential for leading a long and happy life. Health isn't just about physical wellbeing, but mental and emotional health too. Good health can help us to be more productive and enjoy a higher quality of life. Physical Health Good physical health is important for many reasons...

Nail fungus is a common condition that can affect the nails of the fingers and toes. It is caused by a type of fungus that can live in warm, damp environments. While nail fungus can be embarrassing and difficult to treat, it is important to be aware of the causes and symptoms of the condition so...

Overview: Cholangiocarcinoma Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive type of cancer that starts in the bile ducts. It is a rare form of cancer, but it is one of the most deadly cancers, with a five-year survival rate of less than 10 percent. Cholangiocarcinoma is most common in people over the age...

Shortness of breath, also known as dyspnea, is a common symptom that can be caused by a variety of medical conditions, including asthma, heart disease, and lung disease. It is usually caused by a decrease in the amount of oxygen getting to the lungs, or an increase in the amount of carbon...

Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. When a person is infected with anthrax, their body's immune system begins to attack the bacteria. This triggers the release of toxins, called exotoxins, which interfere with the body's ability to produce clotting...

Sleep and Emotional Wellbeing Sleeping is an essential part of our lives. It helps us to recharge and restore our energy after a long day. But did you know that sleeping can also have a positive effect on our emotional wellbeing? Studies have shown that getting a good night’s sleep can help to...

Cevap: The last reported case of human anthrax occurred in the United Kingdom in 2016. The case, which involved a laboratory worker who had been exposed to anthrax spores in a lab, was the first case of human anthrax reported in the United Kingdom since 2006. The patient made a full recovery...

Beta-blockers are medications used to manage high blood pressure and other heart-related conditions. They work by blocking the action of hormones, like adrenaline, that can cause blood vessels to constrict. This helps to reduce the force of the heart’s contractions and lower blood pressure...

Why Do We Need 3 Vaccines? Vaccines are an important part of keeping ourselves and our communities healthy. Vaccines protect us from serious diseases, such as measles, mumps, and rubella. Vaccines help our bodies develop immunity to these diseases so that we do not get sick if we are exposed to...

Alkaptonuria is a rare inherited metabolic disorder caused by a lack of the enzyme homogentisic acid oxidase, which is responsible for breaking down the amino acid tyrosine. This leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid and its metabolites in the body, often resulting in the discoloration...

Subtitle: Neurologist Amnesia is a condition characterized by the inability to recall past experiences or memories. A neurologist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, a neurologist is...

Astigmatism is a common vision problem that affects the way the eyes focus light. It is estimated that between 25 and 30 percent of people have some degree of astigmatism. Astigmatism can affect people of all ages, but it is most common in children. What is Astigmatism? Astigmatism is an...

Mycoplasma is considered atypical because it is a unique type of bacteria that does not fit into any of the other bacterial categories. Mycoplasma bacteria are not encased in a cell wall, which is a feature shared by all other bacteria. They also lack certain metabolic pathways and cannot...