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What are Arteries and Blood Vessels? Arteries and blood vessels are the pathways that transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart throughout the body. The walls of the vessels are made up of a layer of cells called the endothelium. As blood flows through the vessels, the endothelium helps to...

Genital warts are a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), genital warts are the most common type of STI seen in the United States. An estimated 1 in 100 people in the...

Self-Assessment Tests There are a few self-assessment tests available online that can help you determine whether you might have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). These tests are not a substitute for a medical diagnosis and should not be used to replace medical advice. However, they can be a...

Pleural thickening is a condition that can cause difficulty breathing by preventing the lungs from expanding fully. Treatment for pleural thickening depends on the underlying cause, but may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes. Medications Medications are often used to treat the...

Can you live without thyroid? Thyroid Function and Health The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck. Its primary job is to manufacture and release hormones that regulate body temperature, metabolism, and growth. When the thyroid is not functioning...

Does Lung Carcinoid Tumor Lead to Carcinoid Syndrome? Carcinoid tumors are slow-growing tumors that can develop in the lungs. These tumors can spread to other parts of the body and can cause a condition known as carcinoid syndrome. Carcinoid syndrome is a set of symptoms that can occur when...

Agoraphobia is a mental health condition characterized by feelings of intense fear and anxiety when in public settings, such as crowded places or open spaces. While the exact prevalence of agoraphobia is unknown, it is estimated to affect between 1-2% of the world population. Types of...

Chest pain can be a symptom of a wide variety of medical conditions. While many causes of chest pain are not serious, it can sometimes be a sign of a life-threatening health problem, such as a heart attack. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the potential causes of chest pain and to seek...

Survival Rates for Kidney Cancer Survival rates for kidney cancer vary depending on the stage and type of cancer when it is diagnosed. Early diagnosis is key for the best prognosis. The 5-year relative survival rate for localized kidney cancer (cancer that has not spread beyond the kidney) is...

Whooping Cough: An Overview Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis. It is characterized by a severe cough that is often accompanied by a “whoop” sound. While it is most common in infants and young children...

Subheading: Contagiousness of Athlete's Foot in Showers Athlete's foot is a contagious fungal infection that can be spread through contact with contaminated surfaces, such as showers or locker rooms. It can also be spread through direct contact with an infected person. The fungus that causes...

Symptoms of an Irregular Heartbeat An irregular heartbeat, also known as arrhythmia, can cause a range of symptoms, such as: • Palpitations: A sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest. • Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or faint. • Shortness of breath: Feeling like you can’t get enough...

Overview Adrenaline and cortisol are hormones produced by the body in response to stress and fear. It is normal to experience a surge of these hormones when faced with a challenging situation. However, if the level of cortisol and adrenaline becomes too high, it can lead to physical and...

Can Frozen Shoulder Be Caused by Stress? Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a common condition that causes pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint. It is characterized by a gradual onset of pain and loss of range of motion in the shoulder. While the exact cause of frozen shoulder is...

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the spine and can also affect other joints. It is a type of arthritis that causes the vertebrae in the spine to fuse together, resulting in a stiff, immobile spine. There is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, but...

Does Autism Have a Genetic Component That Is Passed Down Through Generations of a Family? Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological and developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. It is estimated that 1 in 59 children in the United States is affected by...

Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, and it is not particularly common in young adults. According to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the overall incidence of leukemia in the United States is 4.3 cases per 100,000 people, while...

Does B12 Reduce Cortisol? Cortisol is a hormone that is released by the adrenal glands when a person is stressed. It is responsible for helping the body to cope with stress and other physiological changes. In some cases, high levels of cortisol can lead to health problems, such as anxiety...

Introduction Astigmatism is a common vision problem caused by an irregularly shaped cornea. It can cause blurred or distorted vision. While there is no cure for astigmatism, there are a few natural ways to improve your vision. Diet and Supplements Certain vitamins and minerals can help...

Addison's Disease is an endocrine disorder that can be diagnosed through a battery of tests. These tests can include blood tests to measure hormone levels, such as cortisol and aldosterone, as well as adrenal imaging tests, such as CT scans or MRI scans. There are also other tests that can be...