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Q: Does Chiari malformation always require surgery? A: No, Chiari malformation does not always require surgery. Depending on the severity of the condition, mild cases may be able to be managed with lifestyle changes and medications. However, more severe cases may require surgery to relieve...

The three main chemicals in tobacco smoke are nicotine, carbon monoxide, and tar. Nicotine is a stimulant and can cause a range of effects on the body including increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and addiction. Carbon monoxide decreases the body’s ability to transport oxygen...

A 22 year old can develop atherosclerosis, but it is rare. Atherosclerosis is a condition caused by a buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can lead to a heart attack or stroke. It is more common in people over 40, but it can still affect younger people who have high cholesterol, high blood...

"What are some strategies to help a nonverbal person with Angelman syndrome communicate?" Some strategies to help a nonverbal person with Angelman syndrome communicate include using sign language, picture exchange systems, visual cues, assistive technology, and augmentative and alternative...

Arterial thrombosis is most commonly caused by an underlying medical condition, such as atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol, obesity, heart disease, and smoking. Other causes may include vascular injury, prolonged bed rest, and certain medications.

Sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects the connective tissue, such as bone, muscle, fat, and blood vessels. While it is relatively rare compared to other cancers, it is still quite common, affecting around 13,000 Americans each year. Treatment for sarcoma varies depending on the type and stage...

Q: "I've been having twitching in my legs and arms for a month now. Could this be something other than ALS?" A: Twitching can be a symptom of several medical conditions, including anxiety disorders, multiple sclerosis, and even benign fasciculation syndrome. It is important to consult with your...

At what age does Lewy body dementia start? Lewy body dementia can start to occur at any age, but is most commonly seen in people aged 65 and older. It is also sometimes seen in people in their 50s, and in rare cases people in their 40s.

Question: How do you ask for help when you are struggling? Answer: The best way to ask for help when you are struggling is to reach out to someone you trust, such as a family member, close friend, or even a mental health professional. Explain your situation and why you need help, and be...

Q: What should I avoid when dealing with acute pancreatitis? A: When dealing with acute pancreatitis, it is important to avoid eating and drinking, as well as avoiding certain medications, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, and certain antibiotics. Additionally...

Hallucinogens, such as LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline, are among the most likely drugs to cause hallucinations. Hallucinations can range from visual and auditory to sensory and emotional distortions. These effects can be unpredictable and powerful, making them particularly dangerous when used...

Acute leukemia is uncommon in children, accounting for approximately 1 in every 4,000 children in the United States. However, it is more common in infants and toddlers, accounting for about 1 in every 1,000 children. Treatment options vary and depend on the type of leukemia and other factors, so...

1,320 positive means that there are 1,320 individual positive results from a test or evaluation. This could be anything from medical tests to academic results, and indicates that the overall outcome is positive.

Yes, some heart problems can be identified through an electrocardiogram (ECG). ECG can detect abnormal heart rhythms, ischemic heart disease, and other conditions such as heart defects, heart murmurs, and congenital heart disease. A doctor may also order an ECG to confirm a diagnosis or to...

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a serious condition, but with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the long-term survival rate is very good. Depending on the specific type of lymphoma, some individuals may experience complete remission, while others may require ongoing management and monitoring...

A frozen shoulder typically presents with pain and a restricted range of motion. This usually occurs in the shoulder joint without an obvious cause and can be a result of an injury or medical condition such as diabetes, stroke, or cardiac disease. Common symptoms of a frozen shoulder can include...

"Can you live a normal life without a spleen?" Yes, it is possible to live a normal life without a spleen. However, it is important to take proper precautions to protect yourself from certain infections, as a lack of a spleen can weaken the immune system. It is advisable to speak to a doctor to...

The type of fibrillation that is most serious depends on the individual situation. Atrial fibrillation, or AFib, is typically less serious than ventricular fibrillation, or VFib, as VFib is life-threatening and can cause cardiac arrest. AFib can cause heart palpitations, fatigue, and shortness...

"What policies are in place that help to promote gender equality in the Middle East?" In the Middle East, policies such as gender-sensitive education, gender quotas for decision-making bodies, and improved access to reproductive healthcare are all helping to promote gender equality...

Q: What are the risks of drinking caffeine when I have bronchitis? A: The risks of drinking caffeine when you have bronchitis include exacerbation of bronchial inflammation, increased difficulty in breathing, insomnia, increased blood pressure, increased risk of dehydration, and increased risk...