Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic form of inflammatory arthritis that affects the spine and other areas of the body. It can cause severe pain and stiffness in the back, neck, and other parts of the body, and can lead to serious complications if left untreated.
What Causes Ankylosing Spondylitis?
The exact cause of ankylosing spondylitis is unknown. There is evidence that suggests that it is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. People with certain genetic markers, such as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 gene, are more likely to develop the condition. Other risk factors include family history of the condition, smoking, and infection with certain bacteria or viruses.
What Are the Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis?
The most common symptom of ankylosing spondylitis is chronic pain and stiffness in the lower back and neck. Other common symptoms include fatigue, loss of appetite, and difficulty sleeping. In some cases, the pain may be worse at night or after physical activity. Some people may also experience inflammation in other parts of the body, such as the eyes, lungs, and heart.
Why is Ankylosing Spondylitis Painful?
Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic condition, meaning it can last for many years. The chronic inflammation associated with the condition can cause long-term damage to the joints, leading to pain and stiffness. The pain can range from mild to severe, and can be worse during periods of activity or stress. As the condition progresses, the pain may become more persistent and severe.
How is Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated?
Treatment for ankylosing spondylitis typically includes medications to reduce inflammation and pain, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce inflammation and pain. Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles and improve posture and flexibility. It is important to maintain good posture and stay active to prevent further damage to the joints. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, and getting adequate rest can help reduce pain and improve quality of life.