ALT and AST are two important enzymes found in the liver that are used to measure liver health. When liver cells are damaged or inflamed, these enzymes are released into the bloodstream at higher levels than normal, resulting in elevated ALT and AST levels.
Causes of High ALT and AST Levels
The most common cause of high ALT and AST levels is liver disease. This can include viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver disease, and other liver disorders. Other conditions that can cause elevated ALT and AST levels include heart failure, acute pancreatitis, and certain medications.
Diagnosing the Cause of High ALT and AST Levels
To determine the cause of high ALT and AST levels, a doctor will usually perform a physical examination and order blood tests, imaging tests, and/or a liver biopsy. The doctor may also ask about lifestyle factors, such as alcohol consumption and drug use, to help narrow down the diagnosis.
Treatment of High ALT and AST Levels
Treatment for high ALT and AST levels depends on the underlying cause of the liver damage. If the damage is caused by a virus, medications may be used to reduce the virus load in the body. If the damage is caused by alcohol, the patient may be advised to abstain from drinking. If the damage is caused by a medication, the doctor may recommend an alternative. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and protect the liver from further damage.
