Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) is a condition in which the acidic contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus. Acid reflux can cause a burning sensation in the chest and throat, as well as a sour taste in the mouth, frequent burping or hiccups, and a feeling of tightness in the throat. It can also cause other symptoms such as coughing, hoarseness, or a sore throat.
Causes of Acid Reflux
There are several possible causes of acid reflux. The most common cause is overeating, which can cause the stomach contents to become too full and press against the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). This can force the contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus. Other causes include obesity, smoking, certain medications, and hiatal hernia.
Risk Factors for Acid Reflux
Certain lifestyle habits and medical conditions can increase the risk of developing acid reflux. These include being overweight, eating large meals, and lying down after eating. Other risk factors include having a hiatal hernia, a weakened lower esophageal sphincter, asthma, diabetes, and a diet high in fats, spicy foods, and citrus fruits.
Treatment for Acid Reflux
Treating acid reflux depends on the severity and frequency of symptoms. In most cases, lifestyle changes such as eating smaller meals, avoiding certain foods and drinks, and avoiding meals before bedtime can help reduce symptoms. Other treatments may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes such as weight loss.