Aplastic anemia is a rare but serious condition in which the body does not produce enough new blood cells. It can affect people of all ages and is caused by damage to the stem cells in the bone marrow, which are responsible for producing new blood cells.
Who is Most Prone to Aplastic Anemia?
Aplastic anemia can affect anyone, but certain people are more likely to develop the condition. These include:
Older adults: Aplastic anemia is more common in older adults, especially those over the age of 60.
People with certain medical conditions: People with immune system disorders such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, or those who have had chemotherapy or radiation treatment, are more likely to develop aplastic anemia.
People with a family history of aplastic anemia: Aplastic anemia can be inherited, so people with a family history of the condition are more likely to develop it.
People exposed to certain toxins: Exposure to certain toxins, such as benzene, can increase the risk of aplastic anemia.
People with certain infections: Viral infections, such as hepatitis, can increase the risk of aplastic anemia.
Symptoms of Aplastic Anemia
The symptoms of aplastic anemia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
Fatigue: Most people with aplastic anemia will experience extreme fatigue and general tiredness.
Bruising and bleeding: Aplastic anemia can lead to easy bruising and bleeding, as well as a tendency to bleed for longer than normal.
Infections: People with aplastic anemia can be more prone to infections, as the condition can reduce the number of white blood cells, which play an important role in fighting off infection.
Pallor: People with aplastic anemia may appear pale due to a lack of red blood cells.
Shortness of breath: Aplastic anemia can reduce the number of red blood cells, which can lead to shortness of breath.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Aplastic Anemia
Aplastic anemia is diagnosed through a physical examination and a series of blood tests. Treatment for the condition depends on the severity of the symptoms and may include medication, blood transfusions, or a bone marrow transplant.