Ataxia is a neurological disorder that affects balance, coordination, and speech. People of all ages can be affected by ataxia, but it is more common in adults than in children. The exact cause of ataxia is not known, but there are certain factors that may increase a person's risk for developing the condition.
Genetics
Certain genetic conditions, such as Friedreich's ataxia, are known to increase the risk of ataxia. Friedreich's ataxia is an inherited condition that is caused by a mutation in a gene that helps control the movement of cells. Other genetic conditions, such as Huntington's disease, may also increase the risk of ataxia.
Autoimmune Diseases
People with certain autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and lupus, may be at increased risk for ataxia. Autoimmune diseases cause the body to mistakenly attack its own tissues, resulting in inflammation and damage to the nervous system.
Infections
Infections, such as Lyme disease, HIV/AIDS, and varicella-zoster virus (the virus that causes chickenpox and shingles), can also increase the risk of ataxia. These infections can affect the nervous system, resulting in damage to the nerves that control balance and coordination.
Toxins
Exposure to certain toxins, such as lead, arsenic, and mercury, can also increase the risk of ataxia. These toxins can damage the nervous system, resulting in a disruption of the signals that control balance and coordination.
Medications
Certain medications, such as anticonvulsants and antipsychotics, have been linked to ataxia. These medications can cause side effects that affect the nervous system, resulting in a disruption of the signals that control balance and coordination.
Alcohol Abuse
Excessive alcohol use can also increase the risk of ataxia. Alcohol can damage the nervous system, resulting in a disruption of the signals that control balance and coordination.