Dysphagia is a condition characterized by difficulty swallowing, which can affect people of all ages. Those at high risk of dysphagia include the elderly, people with neurological conditions such as stroke or Parkinson’s disease, and those with head and neck cancer. Additionally, individuals with certain genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome, may also be at risk.
Risk Factors for Dysphagia
Risk factors for dysphagia include age, certain medical conditions, and certain treatments or medications.
Age: As people age, their risk of dysphagia increases. This is due to the weakening of the muscles and nerves that are involved in the swallowing process.
Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, head and neck cancer, and certain types of muscular dystrophy, can increase the risk of dysphagia.
Treatments and medications: Radiation therapy and chemotherapy, as well as certain medications, can increase the risk of dysphagia.
Signs and Symptoms of Dysphagia
The signs and symptoms of dysphagia vary depending on the cause and the severity. Common signs and symptoms include:
• Difficulty initiating a swallow
• Coughing or choking while eating or drinking
• Feeling that food or liquids are stuck in the throat or chest
• Painful swallowing
• Recurring pneumonia
• Weight loss
• Heartburn
• Loss of appetite
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to speak to your healthcare provider to determine the cause and the best course of treatment.