Nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the nasopharynx, the upper part of the throat behind the nose. This type of cancer is less common than other head and neck cancers, but it can be difficult to diagnose and treat. It is important to understand who is at risk of developing this type of cancer so that individuals can take steps to reduce their risk.
Who is at Risk of Nasopharyngeal Cancer?
Nasopharyngeal cancer is more common in certain racial and ethnic groups, including Chinese, Malaysian, and Native American populations. Additionally, individuals with a family history of nasopharyngeal cancer are at an increased risk of developing the disease. Other factors that can increase the risk of developing nasopharyngeal cancer include smoking, poor nutrition, and exposure to certain types of viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus (HPV).
Can Nasopharyngeal Cancer be Prevented?
The best way to prevent nasopharyngeal cancer is to avoid risk factors whenever possible. Quitting smoking and avoiding secondhand smoke can help reduce the risk of developing this type of cancer. Additionally, individuals should practice safe sex to reduce their risk of HPV infection, which can increase the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer. Eating a healthy diet and engaging in regular physical activity can also help reduce the risk of developing nasopharyngeal cancer.
What are the Symptoms of Nasopharyngeal Cancer?
Common symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer include a persistent sore throat, earache, and a lump in the neck. Other symptoms may include hearing loss, nosebleeds, and difficulty swallowing. If any of these symptoms are present, it is important to see a doctor for further evaluation.
How is Nasopharyngeal Cancer Diagnosed?
The diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI, and a biopsy. A biopsy is a procedure in which a small sample of tissue is removed from the affected area and examined under a microscope to look for cancerous cells.
How is Nasopharyngeal Cancer Treated?
The treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer depends on the stage of the cancer and the size of the tumor. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments. It is important to discuss all treatment options with a doctor to decide which option is best for the individual.