The most common source of lower extremity arterial thromboembolism is a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DVT occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a deep vein of the body, typically in the legs. This clot can break off and travel through the bloodstream to the arteries of the legs, blocking the flow of blood and causing pain, swelling, and other symptoms. DVT can be life-threatening if the clot travels to the lungs, so it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms are present.
Risk Factors and Prevention
There are several risk factors that can increase an individual's chance of developing DVT. These include age, being overweight or obese, smoking, immobility, certain medical conditions, and certain medications. To help prevent DVT, it is important to stay active, maintain a healthy weight, quit smoking, and manage underlying medical conditions.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis of DVT usually requires a combination of clinical examination and imaging tests. Treatment may involve medications to break down the clot and/or surgery to remove it. To help prevent other clots from forming, a doctor may also recommend lifestyle changes and medications to thin the blood.