Signs and Symptoms
The most common symptom of a heart attack is a sensation of pressure, tightness, or squeezing in the center of the chest that lasts for more than a few minutes. This pain may spread to the neck, jaw, arms, or back. Other possible symptoms include shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and a cold sweat.
Risk Factors
Risk factors for a heart attack include age, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, family history of heart disease, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of a heart attack is done through physical examination and blood tests. A physical exam may include an electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure the electrical activity of the heart. Blood tests measure levels of certain enzymes and proteins released into the bloodstream when the heart is damaged.
Treatment
Treatment for a heart attack includes medications to reduce pain, thin the blood, and reduce the risk of further damage. A person may also need to undergo surgery to treat a blocked artery.
Prevention
The best way to prevent a heart attack is to maintain a healthy lifestyle. This includes exercising regularly, eating a balanced diet, not smoking, and managing stress. Regular visits to a doctor and getting necessary tests can also help to detect any problems early.
